• • • Creating resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors new forms of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by using biotechnology method

• • • Creating resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors new forms of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by using biotechnology method

The chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a valuable forage and food legume crop with resistance to drought and insects. For import substitution and chickpea planting acreage expansion in Siberia new varieties are necessary, showing increased seed productivity, resistance to low summer temperatures, high humidity and diseases. Work’s aim was to create new promising forms of chickpea, which would be highly productive and resistant to biotic and abiotic factors, by biotechnology methods. The breeding material was created in the Siberian Research Institute of Fodder Crops by multiple individual selections from lines of varieties ‘Krasnokutskiy 123’, ‘Volgogradskiy 10’, and ‘Kamila 1255’. The lines were obtained by in vitro culture, somaclonal variability and recurrent regeneration. The article presents the results of field trials and selection of the experimental lines, combining early maturity with high seed productivity under severe weather and phytosanitary conditions in 2009–2013. Variation in economically important traits and resistance to the main diseases is shown. Promising lines and elite plants with the highest productivity and seed quality, were identified by the method of multiple ranking of the chickpea lines according to seed productivity, field resistance to Fusarium wilt and infestation of seeds by fungal infection. It was established that somaclonal variability leads to the appearance of chickpea forms, tolerant to pathogens and unfavorable hydrothermal conditions. The reason for their occurrence is spontaneous selection for nonspecific resistance to damaging factors, affecting plant cells, tissues, and organisms during cultivation in vitro, regeneration and subsequent adaptation of plant regenerants to ex vitro conditions.

Source: https://kormoproizvodstvo.ru/12-2017/, p. 18

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